**In the heart of Mount Kenya National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site since 1997, the third season of the project developed by Reforest'Action, and supported by Maison Hennessy for the past two years, was completed at the end of 2022. Hennessy has been a partner of Reforest'Action since 2020, funding numerous local initiatives over the long term. Through its multidimensional scope, this project aimed at restoring forest and agricultural ecosystems in Kenya is a concrete illustration of our shared regenerative, impact-oriented approach. Thanks to two waves of planting, in spring and autumn, the year 2022 made it possible to plant 250,000 trees on 500 hectares of land divided between the project's various activities.** 

![Kenya1.jpeg](/uploads/Kenya1_2dc4dd7b3e.jpeg)

In recent years, drought has hit East Africa particularly hard, including Kenya: rainfall has been below average for five consecutive rainy seasons. By January 2023, it was estimated that more than 20 million people were facing acute food insecurity in the region, mainly as a result of drought*. In this rapidly changing socio-climatic context, the project led by the local association Trees for Kenya focuses on restoring Mount Kenya's natural ecosystem and improving the food security of the people who live in this area. 

*World Meteorological Organization (WMO), _State of the Global Climate report,_ 2022.

## The project's objectives: a three-fold approach

The plots targeted by the project's third season are located in three counties in eastern Kenya: Kirinyaga, Embu and Tharaka Nithi. The typology of ecosystems covered and the actions implemented vary according to altitude, rainfall regime and soil quality. In the highlands, the project is helping to restore the forest of [Mount Kenya National Park,](https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/800/) which is essential to the proper functioning of the water cycle. Downstream, in the middle and lowlands cultivated with tea and coffee plantations, the creation of agroforestry garden forests aims to support the socio-economic development of farming communities. In addition to forestry work, the project also raises awareness among farming communities about the many benefits of planting trees on their land. Thirdly, by distributing trees to schools in the area, the project includes an educational dimension designed to involve the younger generation. Let's take a look at the progress made by this multi-faceted project. 

![Kenya0 Project Map.jpg](/uploads/Kenya0_Project_Map_e3075b3aaf.jpg)

## Mount Kenya forest restoration: promoting the regeneration of a crucial ecosystem

The first part of the project involves reforesting 60 hectares of degraded forest land which, although protected, is unable to regenerate on its own. More than 300,000 people - including members of the Masai and Kikuyu ethnic groups - depend on the Mount Kenya forest for their daily livelihoods: it provides them with water, fruits, and medicinal plants. As a result of deforestation for agriculture and charcoal production, the drastic reduction in the region's forest cover has led to a change in local weather patterns, with rainfall becoming more irregular and scarcer, causing the rivers originating from Mount Kenya to dry up and no longer flow sufficiently to irrigate crops.

### Achievements: 65,000 trees planted in the Njukiini forest

In 2022, the project enabled the creation of three conservation sites in the Njukiini forest. The latter lies at the foot of Mount Kenya, between a dried-out wetland and a forest managed by the Kenya Forest Service for commercial purposes. The selected sites are made up of a few scattered trees and therefore have regeneration potential. Work began with the clearing of Lantana Camara, an invasive shrub species that was preventing native vegetation from developing and drawing on the water table, followed by the planting of a diverse range of native species, including Prunus Africana and Podocarpus. A total of 65,000 trees were planted, with the aim of restoring the degraded forest and initiating its future regeneration.  

The forestry work was carried out by the Community Conservation Association (CFA), a group of 50 casual workers from local communities, mostly young people and about half of them being women. More broadly, local people are involved in all restoration processes: they participate in the production of seedlings in twelve community nurseries set up as part of the project, as well as in soil preparation through the removal of brush and invasive species, and in the long-term maintenance of the planted trees. 

![Kenya3©TonyTei-2022.jpg](/uploads/Kenya3_Tony_Tei_2022_67e0e9487e.jpg)

![Kenya6©TonyTei-2022.jpg](/uploads/Kenya6_Tony_Tei_2022_b1e324f3e1.jpg)

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**At the end of 2022, Reforest'Action's field audit made it possible to assess the survival rate of the trees planted on the three conservation sites during the previous spring. Despite very limited water resources due to chronic drought, the shade provided by the existing trees and the high moisture level of the forest soil ensured the survival of 74% of the planted trees.**

### Expected impacts: increased water resources and biodiversity

The porosity created by the organic activity of the forest soil will reduce water runoff, encourage its infiltration into the soil and enable groundwater to be recharged. As a cornerstone of the water cycle, the forest will also help regulate the local climate, increasing the frequency of rainfall and, ultimately, the volume of water flowing into the surrounding rivers. In the long term, restored forests will therefore play an important role in the water resources available to the farming population. Let's not forget that 75%* of the world's fresh water for human and environmental needs comes from forest and mountain ecosystems. At the same time, biodiversity will increase as the forest grows, being home to elephants, monkeys, buffalo, and gazelles’ populations.

*FAO, IUFRO and USDA. 2022. _A guide to forest-water management. FAO Forestry Paper_ No. 185. Rome.

## Garden forests: improving food security among farming communities

The second part of the project aims to install agroforestry systems within the tea, coffee, macadamia, maize, bean, sweet potato and banana crops that cover the lower slopes of Mount Kenya. Most farmers in the region own one or two hectares of land at most, and use 75% of it for cash crop production. Almost all households keep livestock or goats on the remaining 25%, on which the family home is also located. While for 98% of them, agriculture is the sole source of income, local farmers are facing sharply reduced crop yields as a result of severe drought.

### Achievements: 165,000 trees planted on 434 farmers' land

In 2022, more than 430 new beneficiaries were given trees. They were recruited by a "leading farmers" team made up of local farmers who act as a link between Trees for Kenya's and the farming communities. Agroforestry species such as calliandra, markhamia and pink cedar were planted as hedges around the crops, meanwhile fruit trees were spread throughout the plots. Fruit trees are particularly valuable to farmers, as they will produce avocados, tree tomatoes, mangoes and oranges. Between January and December 2022, 165,000 trees were planted to create garden forests in the low and midlands of Mount Kenya.

Before each wave of planting, training and awareness-raising sessions were organized for farmers, including demonstrations of how to use the planting and monitoring equipment (spades, secateurs, tape and calipers to measure tree height and diameter, etc.). Beneficiaries were also trained in the manufacturing of plant-based organic fertilizers and pesticides, and made aware of the importance of conserving trees on their plots. 

![Kenya2.jpg](/uploads/Kenya2_1492d3fdbf.jpg)

![Kenya7©TonyTei-2022.jpg](/uploads/Kenya7_Tony_Tei_2022_6658bf7c68.jpg)
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**The survival rate of trees planted in agroforestry in the spring of 2022 was evaluated at 65% by the end-of-year audit. The main challenge here relates to the lack of available water to irrigate the planted trees, causing them to dry out. It should be noted that trees affected by drought are systematically replaced during the next planting. A new field audit will be conducted by the beginning of 2024 in order to monitor the second wave of plantings that took place in autumn 2022.**  
 
During the audit, the testimonies of several beneficiaries were collected. All interviewees seemed now aware of the challenges raised by climate change and the importance of forest ecosystems. They thanked the support provided by the project, without which they would not have had the resources required to plant trees. Some of them revealed that the project not only helped them financially, but also socially, by enabling them to emerge from isolation.

### Expected impacts: strengthened food security for communities

The primary objective of agroforestry development on Mount Kenya is to protect and sustain the crops grown by local populations. Trees will provide shade for understorey plantations while acting as windbreaks, thus combating wind erosion. In addition, trees will have numerous benefits for degraded agricultural soils: they will promote nitrogen fixation and the restitution of organic matter through the creation of litter. It has been proven that farmers implementing agroforestry practices in East Africa have seen their yields increase by 100% compared to farmers using non-regenerative practices*. In the longer term, the return of rivers and rainfall, made possible by the restoration of Mount Kenya's forests, will facilitate crop irrigation and fertility.

From an economic point of view, the planted trees will be a source of fodder for livestock, of natural fertilizer for crops and of firewood for the local population. Through their sustainable management, they will thus prevent the harvesting of trees in the still intact primary forest. Furthermore, the fruit trees will help to boost the local population's livelihoods and to generate additional income through the sale of the fruits. Tea and coffee produced in shaded agroforestry systems, considered to be of better quality, will open the way to a new and more marketable value chain. Finally, awareness-raising sessions for farmers help prevent future deforestation while promoting the need to include and preserve trees as an integral component of their agriculture.

*Africa Regenerative Agriculture Study Group, _Regenerative Agriculture: An opportunity for businesses and society to restore degraded land in Africa,_ 2021.

![Kenya8©TonyTei-2022.jpg](/uploads/Kenya8_Tony_Tei_2022_89038ba919.jpg)
©TonyTei-2022

Through its [Forest Destination program,](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/magazine/hennessy-forest-destination) Maison Hennessy is committed to promoting the regeneration of 50,000 hectares of forest in France and around the world by 2030, as a means of protecting biodiversity, enhancing the water cycle and responding to the climate emergency. This holistic project developed on the lands of Mount Kenya bears witness to the strong ambition shared by Reforest'Action and Hennessy: to preserve and restore forest ecosystems on a large scale.

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Maison Hennessy's commitment to restoring the land of Mount Kenya: a multi-faceted project

### **Her commitment to the environment...**

I have always loved the countryside. Growing up, I realized that I live in a country with a wide variety of ecosystems, climates, and plant and animal species that are affected by climate change, pollution, and poor resource management. All of these negative effects are affecting the way of life of the Peruvian people and also my own, which is why I know that I have to commit myself to the environment.

### **Her background before Reforest'Action...**

I have a master's degree in Biodiversity, Landscape and Sustainable Management, and a bachelor's degree in Biology.

I worked as a project manager, implementing projects in different regions of Peru, in different ecosystems: subtropical forests, Andean highlands, inter-Andean valleys and areas surrounded by mining and protected areas. I was responsible for the design, execution and supervision . Before Reforest'Action, I also worked in Nepal and Tanzania.

### **Her missions and responsibilities for Reforest'Action...**

As Project Officer for Reforest'Action, my role consists of researching, developing and monitoring forestry and carbon projects in need of funding. I also conduct annual field audits and impact assessments of projects funded by Reforest'Action. I act as the link between Reforest'Action and the project leaders and ensure the proper conduct of activities in the field on a daily basis.

### **Her vision of the Peruvian forests...**

In Peru deforestation is a very big problem. In the Amazon forests, activities such as agriculture, cattle, illegal mining, and illegal logging are the main reasons for deforestation. On the other hand, in the Andean highlands, many of the forests were eliminated a long time ago due to agriculture and cattle raising. Now, the soils of these areas are very degraded, and their recovery is very slow and, in some cases, irreversible. The government and other private organizations carry out activities to recover these forests, but it is not enough.

![](/uploads/perou_foret_1401ef2a42.jpg)

### **The forestry projects for which she is responsible...**

Currently, I am working on tree projects located in the regions of Cusco and Tarapoto in Peru. The objective of all these projects is to restore degraded areas that were once covered by forests. To do this, the projects involve local communities in building nurseries and producing trees that will then be planted in the degraded areas. The projects also help train people in conservation and sustainable forest management. In addition, they encourage economic activities that generate income for families and prevent deforestation.

I am also in the process of evaluating two possible carbon credit projects, which are still in the early stages, but I am hopeful that they will soon be in place.

![](/uploads/juliet_po_projet_332bd192cb.jpg)

### **The added value of her local presence in the supervision of projects...**

I have worked in different regions of Peru, which allowed me to know the way of life and thought of these communities, their dynamics and their relations with public and private actors.

![](/uploads/perou_juliet_df8c4a814c.jpg)

### **Her goals for the coming year...**

My main objective is to set up a carbon project in Peru. In addition, I will contribute to several audits and due diligence missions within the geographical area I am in charge of, and carry out the selection of new projects funded by Reforest'Action.

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Reforest'Action around the world: Interview with Juliet Mormontoy, our Project Officer in Peru

**Defined by the IUCN in 2009, the concept of Nature-based Solutions (NBS) is founded on the idea that natural processes, and not just technological ones, can make a significant contribution to tackling major contemporary challenges such as climate change and biodiversity erosion. Nature provides vital services to all living things, and in particular to humankind. It is therefore essential to preserve, restore and manage it sustainably to ensure our future.**

![Nature-Based-Solutions-forest.jpg](https://backoffice.reforestaction.com/uploads/Nature_Based_Solutions_forest_f54ea0ac1f.jpg)

## What are Nature-based Solutions?

Nature-based Solutions are defined by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) as “actions to protect, sustainably manage and restore natural or modified ecosystems to directly address societal challenges in an effective and adaptive manner, while ensuring human well-being and producing benefits for biodiversity.”

This concept was formulated by IUCN at the Copenhagen Conference in 2009, when forests were proposed as a solution for mitigating climate change. It was at COP21 in 2015 that the place of Nature-based Solutions in climate action was recognized by States, notably via the Paris Agreement.

These are actions that aim to protect, restore and sustainably manage natural ecosystems - be they forests, rivers, wetlands or even bocage meadows - in a logic of mutual benefit, since these ecosystems generate benefits for humanity. Nature-based Solutions also bring benefits for [biodiversity](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/magazine/what-biodiversity-definition-and-issues), by integrating this objective into the very design and implementation of these actions.

![EN_NbS.jpg](https://backoffice.reforestaction.com/uploads/EN_Nb_S_775d13cbc8.jpg)

## How are ecosystems and human societies interconnected?

### A multitude of services to humanity

Ecosystems are multifunctional by nature. The variety of ecosystem functions they produce are not man-made, but the result of slow, patient work shaped by Nature over millions of years. Today, [natural ecosystems](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/magazine/reconnecting-living-sustainable-humanity) make vital contributions to people's lives, such as the production of food, energy and raw materials, as well as a multitude of ecosystem services. For example, forests store carbon, regulate the water cycle, limit local heat peaks, reduce the risk of soil runoff and landslides, and meet vital human needs such as the production of timber and energy, food and medicinal products, and places of well-being and recreation.

### Nature's services to human societies are not unlimited

The worldwide overexploitation of ecosystems leads to their degradation, and thus to their inability to provide resources in the long term. The Global Footprint Network's annual Earth Overshoot Day is a direct illustration of this idea. This date, which marks the day when humanity has consumed all the natural resources the Earth can produce in one year, is obtained by comparing mankind's ecological footprint (which measures the exploitation of the Earth's natural resources) with the planet's biocapacity (its capacity to replenish its reserves and absorb greenhouse gases). Still in surplus in 1961, with a quarter of its reserves unused, the Earth became in deficit in the early 1970s. This day was changed from October 10 in 1999 to August 1 in 2024.

In most regions of the world today, Nature has been significantly altered by multiple human factors, and the vast majority of indicators relating to ecosystems and biodiversity show a rapid decline. For example, the IPBES estimates that today :

- 75% of natural terrestrial environments are degraded;
- 66% of oceans have been altered;
- 85% of wetlands have disappeared;
- 5% of the world's animal and plant species are threatened.

Forests, which are home to 80% of the Earth's biodiversity and support 25% of the world's population, are in constant decline. On a global scale, forest area today represents around 68% of its estimated pre-industrial level. According to the FAO, 240 million hectares of forest were lost to deforestation in tropical zones between 1990 and 2015. In temperate zones, the effects of climate change are affecting forest health: 42% of tree species are now threatened with extinction in Europe, according to the IUCN. Forest animal biodiversity has fallen by [53%](https://www.dw.com/en/worlds-forest-animal-population-sinks-drastically-wwf-report/a-50015580) since 1970.

### Ecosystem degradation also weakens populations

Ecosystems, biodiversity and climate are interdependent. Ecosystems and their biodiversity influence climate, helping to regulate temperature and precipitation. They are essential players in the carbon, water and nitrogen cycles. They help absorb some of the heat and greenhouse gases emitted by human activities. These feedbacks between climate and biodiversity are at the origin of the dynamic balance of the environment in which human societies have developed, and which is today affected by both climate and ecosystem changes. Alterations to ecosystems and the climate-biodiversity pair make human beings more vulnerable, with the loss of food sources, the deterioration of water quality, the [development of new diseases](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/magazine/destruction-ecosystems-favours-rise-new-diseases-and-pandemics) and the exposure of societies to extreme climatic events (droughts, storms, etc.).

Strategies and actions to combat climate change must therefore not only drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also invest in protecting ecosystems. [Healthy ecosystems](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/magazine/ecosystem-restoration-essential-climate-and-biodiversity) not only help mitigate climate change, but also enable human societies to adapt to its consequences.

![Wooded hills with women's tree-planting communities](https://backoffice.reforestaction.com/uploads/Nature_based_solutions_communities_c9eebab421.jpg)

## Nature-based solutions for today's societal challenges

### Preserving nature is essential to ensure the future of human societies and businesses

According to the IUCN, the use of NbS would enable us to achieve current societal objectives such as :

- Reducing natural hazards
- Socio-economic development
- Food security
- Water and energy supply
- Health and well-being for all
- Adapting territories to climate change
- Mitigating the effects of climate change on populations (rising sea levels, fires, heatwaves...)

According to the IPBES, these natural solutions will account for 37% of the climate change mitigation measures needed by 2030 to achieve the goal of global warming below 2°C by 2100. But implementing NbS on the scale required to meet these societal challenges requires the involvement of all stakeholders, including private sector companies.

### Forests: a key component of Nature-based Solutions

NbS value the services provided by ecosystems that have been preserved, restored or sustainably managed, and are based on various underlying concepts listed by the IUCN. Among these Nature-based Solutions is the restoration of forest landscapes. This process aims to mobilize and involve local communities in restoring the multifunctionality of forests, in order to sustainably meet human needs. This type of project can be implemented through a variety of actions involving the preservation, restoration and sustainable management of forests. All these actions enhance forest biodiversity, and increase carbon capture, which helps mitigate the risks of climate change:
- Preservation of existing forests in good ecological condition
- Restoration of degraded forests or creation of forest ecosystems
- Adoption of sustainable forest management practices
- Creation of protected areas (national or regional parks, nature reserves, etc.) to protect associated territories and preserve ecosystem services
- Reforestation and ecological restoration of degraded forest habitats using adapted and diverse species, giving priority to indigenous species;
- Creation of hedgerows and [agroforestry systems](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/magazine/agroforestry) to regulate climate and the water cycle, conserve soil and create biological corridors for flora and fauna;
- Exclusion of unsustainable practices such as monospecific plantations, clear-cutting that weakens soils and overexploitation of stands;
- Development of [Assisted Natural Regeneration](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/magazine/assisted-natural-regeneration-complementary-solution-tree-planting-restore-degraded-forests);
- Creation of islands of senescence, made up of ageing trees which, as they decompose, promote the fertility of forest soils, the main reservoir of biodiversity in the forest;
- Promoting wood products from sustainably managed forests.

![Nature-based-solutions-overview.jpg](https://backoffice.reforestaction.com/uploads/Nature_based_solutions_overview_9e487805c8.jpg)

## Developing Nature-based Solutions with Reforest'Action

Reforest'Action offers Nature-based Solutions that enable companies to:
- Contribute to [global carbon neutrality](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/carbon-neutrality-solutions)
- Develop [regenerative agriculture](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/regenerative-agriculture) within their value chains 
- Support the [restoration of forest ecosystems](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/ecosystems-restoration) 

Our mission: to regenerate terrestrial ecosystems on a large scale to meet global environmental challenges and support corporate climate and transformation strategies, drawing on our field experience, local communities, research and technology. 

Today, our 1,650 forest and agroforestry projects in 45 countries are creating multiple impacts, based on the stability of ecosystems over time, to combat climate change, protect biodiversity and support local communities. Each project financed by Reforest'Action is thus at the heart of global climate action and Nature-based Solutions. 

At the heart of our approach, monitoring the impact of our projects via our [Research & Development team](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/the-impact) also enables us to optimize their results and deliver reliable and transparent data to investors, by means of key performance indicators, regarding the value generated by our Nature-based Solutions.


**Drawing on the role of healthy ecosystems for human life and the well-being of all, Nature-based Solutions address both climate and biodiversity issues. It is crucial to encourage their development at all scales to meet the Sustainable Development Goals formulated by the UN, and to direct more funds towards restoration in order to act more rapidly and effectively in favor of the climate and biodiversity at the service of all Living Things. If you're interested in Nature-based Solutions, and forestry in particular, please [contact us](https://www.reforestaction.com/en/contact).**



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What are Nature-based Solutions?

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Arval inspires its customers and employees to make a positive impact every day 

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Érable champêtre

Prunellier

Cornouiller sanguin

Églantier

Noisetier commun

Sureau noir

Fusain d'Europe

Frêne commun

Viorne obier

Troene commun

Viorne Lantane

Aubépine

Charme commun

Saule Marsault

Chêne sessile (rouvre)

Chêne pédonculé

Aulne à feuilles en cœur

Dans le département du Rhône, les haies bocagères présentes sur les parcelles concernées vont être restaurées et de nouvelles vont être plantées. Ces haies serviront essentielles à la préservation de la biodiversité environnante. En effet, la protection de la biodiversité, tant sur les sites protégés pour leur intérêt écologique que sur les parcelles agricoles, est un enjeu de taille au sein de ce département. Le projet prévoit donc de planter diverses essences de feuillus. Cette démarche permettra de restaurer les corridors écologiques, milieux qui relient les différents habitats naturels des espèces locales, une démarche qui participera ainsi à la préservation de la biodiversité. De plus, ces haies situées en zone péri-urbaine auront un avantage pédagogique car elles sensibiliseront les riverains à l’intérêt écologique des haies. Ce projet compte 3000 arbres plantés qui permettront à terme de stocker du carbone, participant ainsi à la lutte contre le dérèglement climatique.

Contributes to the mitigation of the greenhouse effect and influences precipitation patterns and the local microclimate.

Preservation of local biodiversity by providing suitable habitats and resources.

Influences the quality and integrity of the soil-water system, and the cycling of water and nutrients.

Supports human well-being, by providing resources, income, education, and supporting recreation and heritage.

In the Rhône department, the hedgerows on the plots concerned will be restored and new ones planted. These hedgerows will serve primarily to preserve the surrounding biodiversity. Indeed, the protection of biodiversity, both on sites protected for their ecological interest and on agricultural plots, is a major issue in this department. The project therefore involves planting a variety of deciduous species. This will help restore ecological corridors, which link the various natural habitats of local species, and thus contribute to the preservation of biodiversity. In addition, these hedges, located in a peri-urban area, will have an educational benefit, as they will raise awareness among local residents of the ecological value of hedges. The project includes the planting of 3,000 trees, which will ultimately store carbon and help combat climate change.

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Palmier-dattier

Olivier d'Europe

Avocatier

Citronnier

Oranger

Caroubier

Cerisier

Pêcher

Grenadier

Cognassier

Amandier

Abricotier

Mandarinier

Néflier

Créer de véritables forêts nourricières afin de favoriser le développement de filières économiques: par l’intermédiaire de coopératives locales: grâce à la culture de fruits biologiques.- Sensibilisation des populations locales à la préservation des arbres et aux bénéfices qu'ils peuvent apporter à l'agriculture - Productions d'aliments biologiques - Protection de cultures vivrières - Formation des populations locales à l'agroécologie

NO_POVERTY

ZERO_HUNGER

GOOD_HEALTH_AND_WELL_BEING

DECENT_WORK_AND_ECONOMIC_GROWTH

SUSTAINABLE_CITIES_AND_COMMUNITIES

RESPONSIBLE_CONSUMPTION_AND_PRODUCTION

CLIMATE_ACTION

LIFE_ON_LAND

PARTNERSHIP_FOR_THE_GOALS

Supports human well-being, by providing resources, income, education, empowerment, and supporting culture and spirituality.

In rural areas of Morocco, the challenges of economic development go hand in hand with the implementation of collective, sustainable agricultural solutions. Permaculture and agroforestry are virtuous practices that provide a real boost to self-sufficiency, food security and the incomes of local communities. They create a nourishing forest and combat desertification.

In rural areas of Morocco, Reforest'Action is developing agroforestry projects in villages throughout the country, thanks to its local partner Ibn Al Baytar. The aim is to support economic development and the implementation of collective, sustainable agricultural solutions. In addition to developing agroforestry and organic production among farmers, the project also has an educational aim, with the emphasis on raising awareness of the benefits of trees among local populations.

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Tilleul

Merisier

Châtaignier

Alisier torminal

Situé au cœur du Parc Naturel du Gatinais, ce vaste massif forestier est composé de feuillus, notamment de chênes en taillie ou taillie sous futaie. Malheureusement, les peuplements présents sur les 3 parcelles concernées sont relativement pauvres en raison d’une gestion inappropriée, de la présence d’une population excédentaire de gibier et d’une gestion forestière dépassée (basée sur des rotations de coupes à blanc par blocs). L’objectif aujourd’hui est de modifier le mode de gestion du massif et de rétablir l’équilibre et la diversité du peuplement. Le projet prévoit donc de conserver les semenciers présents, de conduire des dépressages et dégagements des semis et d’enrichir le peuplement d’essences diverses indigènes pour accélerer la régénération des peuplements. Cette démarche permettra d’enrichir les services écosystémiques du massif mais également d’augmenter sa capacité de production de bois.

Located in the heart of the Gatinais Nature Park, this vast forest is made up of deciduous trees, in particular coppiced oak. Unfortunately, the stands on the 3 parcels concerned are relatively poor due to inappropriate management, the presence of an excess game population and outdated forest management (based on block clear-cutting rotations). The aim today is to change the way the massif is managed and restore the balance and diversity of the stand. The project therefore involves conserving existing seed trees, carrying out depressurization and seedling removal, and enriching the stand with a variety of native species to accelerate regeneration. This approach will not only enrich the ecosystem services of the massif, but also increase its wood production capacity.

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Érable sycomore

Hêtre commun

Douglas

Mélèze d'Europe

Dans la municipalité de Dahnen, située dans le land de Rhénanie-Palatinat en Allemagne, la parcelle forestière concernée doit faire l’objet d’un reboisement. En effet, l’ancien peuplement monospécifique composé d’épicéas, a été victime d’une invasion de scolytes. Ces insectes xylophages qui fait dépérir les arbres pouvant causer à terme le dépérissement des spécimens touchés. Pour remédier à cette situation et redynamiser le peuplement, la plantation d’essences feuillues indigènes, adaptées au climat de la station, doivent être plantées. Une diversification des essences qui augmentera la résilience du massif face à d’éventuels aléas climatiques ou biologiques. Sur le long terme, la reconstitution de ce peuplement permettra à la biodiversité de réinvestir le massif ainsi qu’aux arbres de stocker du carbone, luttant ainsi contre le réchauffement climatique. Enfin, les arbres plantés assureront une continuité forestière et participeront à la formation d’un patrimoine forestier résilient.

CLEAN_WATER_AND_SANITATION

In the municipality of Dahnen, in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, the forest plot in question is to be reforested. The former monospecific spruce stand had fallen victim to an invasion of bark beetles. These xylophagous insects, which cause trees to wither, can eventually lead to the death of affected specimens. To remedy this situation and revitalize the stand, native deciduous species adapted to the site's climate need to be planted. This diversification of species will increase the massif's resilience in the face of possible climatic or biological hazards. In the long term, the reconstitution of this stand will enable biodiversity to return to the massif, and the trees to store carbon, thereby combating global warming. Finally, the trees planted will ensure forest continuity and contribute to the creation of a resilient forest heritage.

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Epicéa commun

Ce projet est situé dans la région Wallonne en Belgique. Plus précisément dans la ville de Florenville. Sur cette ancienne monoculture, 90 % du peuplement a été détruit par le scolyte. Malheureusement, ce phénomène n’est pas rare au sein des cultures monospécifiques qui peinent à se défendre contre les attaques d’insectes. Pour restaurer et fortifier le peuplement, des essences diverses ont été plantées après récolte des arbres scolytés. Un mélange de résineux et de feuillus a été sélectionné pour redonner vie à un massif mélangé, résilient, capable de se défendre contre les aléas naturels. Cette démarche a ainsi permis de reconstituer le couvert forestier sur la zone et de fournir des habitats à la biodiversité locale. Sur la durée, les arbres participeront à la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique en stockant du carbone.

This project is located in the Walloon region of Belgium, more precisely in the town of Florenville. In this former monoculture, 90% of the stand was destroyed by the bark beetle. Unfortunately, this phenomenon is not uncommon in monospecific crops, which have difficulty defending themselves against insect attack. To restore and strengthen the stand, a variety of tree species were planted after the trees attacked by the pests had been harvested. A mix of coniferous and deciduous trees was selected to give new life to a mixed, resilient forest capable of defending itself against natural hazards. In this way, the forest cover was restored to the area, providing habitats for local biodiversity. In the long term, the trees will help combat global warming by storing carbon.

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Sorbier des oiseleurs

Aubépine petites feuilles

Bouleau commun

Les parcelles concernées sont situées sur une colline, sur la frontière nord du Parc National des North York Moors, tout près de la petite ville de Great Ayton. La colline, du Yorkshire et du Nord-Est de l’Angleterre, est un élément du paysage apprécié des riverains et des randonneurs. Par le passé, le déficit d’entretien de la parcelle visée par le projet a conduit à son dépérissement prématuré. En 2015, des travaux ont été entrepris pour renouveler le peuplement et favoriser la croissance d’une forêt indigène. Des feuillus seront ainsi introduits pour créer un terrain foisonnant, favorable à la biodiversité. Les avantages du projet seront multiples. Ainsi diversifié, le massif sera plus à même de résister aux aléas climatiques comme biologiques. Les arbres plantés contribueront à leur tour à stocker du carbone et ainsi à freiner le réchauffement climatique. La mise en œuvre de ce projet participera à la continuité et à la préservation du couvert forestier sur cette zone. 

The plots in question are located on a hill on the northern boundary of the North York Moors National Park, close to the small town of Great Ayton. The hill, part of Yorkshire and North-East England, is a popular landscape feature for local residents and walkers. In the past, the lack of maintenance of the plot in question has led to its premature decline. In 2015, work was undertaken to renew the stand and encourage the growth of a native forest. Deciduous trees will be introduced to create a lush, biodiversity-friendly landscape. The benefits of this project will be manifold. Diversified in this way, the forest will be better able to withstand climatic and biological hazards. The trees planted will in turn help to store carbon and thus slow down global warming. The implementation of this project will contribute to the continuity and preservation of the forest cover in this area.

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Érable plane

Au nord du Luxembourg, cette parcelle forestière de 3,46 hectares a été victime d’une attaque de scolytes. À l’origine, le massif était monospécifique. C’est ce qui explique l’invasion d’insectes dont a été victime cette forêt Luxembourgeoise, ce type de peuplement résistant souvent mal aux attaques biologiques comme aux aléas climatiques. Les scolytes sont des insectes xylophages qui provoque le dépérissement des spécimens touchés. À Knaphoscheid, les scolytes ont causé de nombreux dégâts. Pour cette raison, le projet prévoit de reboiser le massif grâce à diverses essences de feuillus locaux et quelques résineux. Cette initiative favorisera la présence d’une biodiversité variée au sein de la parcelle. De plus, la démarche rendra la forêt plus résiliente pour faire face à d’éventuelles nouvelles attaques d’insectes. A terme, les arbres assureront une continuité forestière sur la zone et participeront à la formation d’un patrimoine forestier résilient.

In the north of Luxembourg, this 3.46-hectare forest plot fell victim to bark beetle attack. Originally, the forest was monospecific. This explains why the Luxembourg forest was invaded by bark beetles, as this type of stand is often poorly resistant to biological attacks and climatic hazards. Bark beetles are xylophagous insects which cause affected specimens to die back. In Knaphoscheid, bark beetles have caused extensive damage. For this reason, the project plans to reforest the massif with a variety of local deciduous species and a few conifers. This initiative will promote the presence of a varied biodiversity within the plot. It will also make the forest more resilient to future insect attacks. Ultimately, the trees will ensure forest continuity in the area and contribute to the creation of a resilient forest heritage.

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